55th Tactical Fighter Squadron

“Shooters” – The Precision Strike Force of RAF Upper Heyford

The Precision Strike Force of RAF Upper Heyford

The 55th Tactical Fighter Squadron (TFS) — known proudly as the “Shooters” — formed a vital part of the 20th Tactical Fighter Wing during its decades at RAF Upper Heyford. With its trademark professionalism, cutting-edge aircraft, and round-the-clock readiness, the 55th TFS stood as one of the most capable squadrons in NATO’s Cold War arsenal.

Origins and Arrival at Upper Heyford

The 55th TFS traces its roots back to World War II, when it first served as part of the United States Army Air Forces. Over the following decades, the squadron evolved through multiple generations of aircraft — from early piston-engine fighters to advanced jet strike aircraft.

In 1970, the 55th arrived at RAF Upper Heyford alongside the 20th Tactical Fighter Wing, initially flying North American F-100D Super Sabres before transitioning to the General Dynamics F-111E Aardvark in 1971. This marked the beginning of a new era — one defined by precision low-level strike capability and the squadron’s reputation for operational excellence.

The F-111E Aardvark: Technology Meets Tactics

The introduction of the F-111E Aardvark gave the 55th TFS a transformative capability. With variable-geometry wings, terrain-following radar, and the ability to deliver ordnance under any weather conditions, the aircraft redefined tactical strike operations in Europe.

Operating from RAF Upper Heyford, the 55th trained relentlessly in low-altitude penetration missions, designed to evade Soviet radar and strike key targets deep within enemy territory. These missions were part of NATO’s deterrence strategy — ensuring rapid, precise response capability in the event of escalating conflict.

Operations and Global Deployments

Throughout the 1970s and 1980s, the 55th TFS took part in regular NATO exercises across Europe and maintained Quick Reaction Alert (QRA) status, ensuring combat readiness 24 hours a day. During Operation El Dorado Canyon (1986) — the U.S. airstrike on Libya — aircraft from Upper Heyford supported missions through radar-jamming and diversion operations coordinated with other USAF units.

Later, during the Gulf War (1990–1991), 55th TFS crews deployed to Turkey and Saudi Arabia, where they flew precision strike missions against key targets during Operation Desert Storm. Their accuracy, discipline, and reliability were hallmarks of the unit’s contribution to coalition success.

Final Years and Legacy

Following the end of the Cold War, U.S. defence restructuring brought the gradual drawdown of USAF operations in Europe. In 1993, the 55th Tactical Fighter Squadron departed RAF Upper Heyford, marking the end of more than two decades of continuous service in the United Kingdom.

Though the aircraft and personnel have long since left, the 55th TFS remains a powerful symbol of Cold War readiness, precision, and deterrence. Its legacy lives on through the Upper Heyford Heritage Centre, where visitors can walk the same hangars and shelters once occupied by the Shooters’ iconic F-111Es.

Discover the Shooters’ Story

Explore the history, missions, and aircraft of the 55th Tactical Fighter Squadron at the Upper Heyford Heritage Centre — where Cold War history is brought vividly to life.

Monday: Closed
Tuesday: Closed
Wednesday: 10am - 4:30pm
Thursday: Closed
Friday: Closed
Saturday: 12 - 4:30pm
Sunday: 10am - 4:30pm